Why So Serious?

Since their inception, superhero stories have generated passionate fans.  Not only does the action make for good entertainment, but the concept of a superhero is also reassuring to audiences.  The idea that someone could use special powers to bring about justice is comforting in that often we as normal citizens feel powerless in too many situations.

Christopher Nolan's 2008 film The Dark Knight, depicts Batman as a hero who although does not technically have superpowers, still has the means to bring about justice for the city of Gotham. Following Nolan's 2005 film Batman Begins, The Dark Knight picks up Batman's story as he must defeat the infamous Joker while maintaining his secret identity as Bruce Wayne.

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However, the thing that makes The Dark Knight so appealing to viewers lies less in the idea of good conquering evil because let's face it—would you expect anything else from a superhero movie? Rather, this film puts a heavy focus on outlining the psychology behind good versus evil.  Although Batman's character means well, he, like any good hero, has plenty of flaws that make Bruce Wayne/Batman a complex character, especially as his city declares him a vigilante rather than the hero he is trying to be.  

Similarly, Harvey Dent, an acquaintance of Bruce Wayne's, displays this complexity through his actions as the District Attorney of Gotham.  Dent rises to fame as a hero as he rounds up many the notorious criminals that plague the city.  As Dent becomes known as a "White Knight" to the city, it appears that his sole purpose is enforcing justice.  However, this film shows the relative ease with which people change their motives.  In the case of Harvey Dent, the loss of his love interest, a burn across half his face, and an encounter with the Joker are enough to turn this once "White Knight" into the villain Two-Face who seeks revenge rather than justice.

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While characters like Batman and Two-Face are intriguing because of their complexity, easily the most interesting character of the film is the Joker.  From the beginning of the movie it is clear that the Joker does not play by the rules.  Right off the bat, this lends the film to an unpredictable character in opposition with our hero.  This unwillingness to play by anyone's rules other than his own creates a character that is both maniacal and clever, oddly demanding respect for this villain.  While the Joker is the obvious bad guy, it is hard not to be impressed with the amount of chaos he able to conjure up. The Joker plays countless mind games on the police, civilians, and even those who work for him, acting as though he makes things up as he goes, but proving that each move has been carefully thought out.

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While the Joker's character alone is interesting enough, Heath Ledger does a brilliant portrayal, complete with the iconic maniacal laughter that accompanies many of his most intense scenes.  The Academy celebrated Ledger's performance by awarding him with the Oscar for Best Performance of an Actor in a Supporting Role posthumously.

The actions of the Joker allow The Dark Knight to put an emphasis on the psychology behind a supervillain in contrast to that of a superhero.  Interestingly enough, both parties are willing to take responsibility for the harm caused to their city, but for different reasons.  While the Joker thrives off the chaos, Batman recognizes that the people need someone to blame and is willing to be that figure if it means bringing justice in the end.

And the Oscar Goes To...

Unless you have been living under a rock, you have probably heard that Leonardo DiCaprio finally won a long awaited Oscar for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role at Sunday's 88th Academy Awards.  Along with the rest of the Internet celebrating what seems like an award two decades overdue, it only seemed fair to dedicate this post to one of Leo's more powerful, yet lesser known films.

Scott Kalvert's The Basketball Diaries (1995) depicts DiCaprio as high school basketball star Jim
Carroll.  Based on the real Carroll's autobiography of the same name, The Basketball Diaries tells the story of Jim's fall from star player on an unbeatable team to heroine junkie living on the streets.

Jim, who attends a Catholic school in New York City, has the talent to make a career out of his sport after he graduates.  However, after Jim's best friend loses his battle with cancer, Jim spirals into depression that leads to drinking away the pain of such a loss.  Jim and his friends, including a boy named Mickey (played by Mark Wahlberg) simply view their coping as a way to have fun and also begin to dabble in drugs, eventually trying heroine.  Through the voice over narration, we see Jim's addiction growing stronger despite his claims that he could "stop anytime he wanted."

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Eventually things spiral out of control; Jim stops going to school so he can get high and is kicked out of his home by a mother that refuses to support a junkie.  Life on the streets forces Jim to fend for himself by stealing, mugging, and even prostituting himself in order to avoid starving to death and allow him to feed his addiction.

The story takes a heart wrenching tole on the viewer, as Leo himself was only eighteen during the movie's filming.  Actually being as young as the character he is playing allows the audience to truly observe the loss of innocence that Jim's character experiences as he feeds his addiction through any means necessary.  In a heart breaking scene, we see Jim beg for his mother to forgive him, when in all actuality he only needs money to keep him out of trouble.


At this moment we remember just how young Jim actually is, and it seems both unfair and wrong that he allowed himself to be put in such a situation.  The movie sheds a light on the horrors of drug addiction, portrayed most effectively through DiCaprio's acting in which the authenticity brings such a powerful message to the screen.

Despite the lack of popularity that The Basketball Diaries earned versus many of DiCaprio's other films, in my opinion it is one of his most commendable performances because of the power behind it. As we see how pathetic Jim's actions become, we implore him to get clean so as to avoid the misery he keeps putting himself through.  DiCaprio's acting through these tough to watch scenes are what make the movie so effective, as it is obvious that he really is just a kid. This power leaves a lasting impression on the viewer, as it sheds light on the cruelties of the world, but also reminds us that there is always hope when the outlook is bleak.

Getting Outside Our Element

Science is awesome.  Take the recent discovery of gravitational waves as an example.  Even if you are not a science person you can still take a moment to appreciate how cool it is that we have learned so much about our world and yet are still always learning new things.  This idea is what makes science fiction movies captivating to their audiences, as people cannot help but love learning new things.  However, for those of you that are not 100% into sci-fi does not mean that movies about science can't appeal to you.

Based on the novel by Andy Weir,  The Martian, directed by Ridley Scott (2015) is a perfect example of how movies can use science as an important part of the plot without going over our heads and totally geeking us out.  Unlike movies such as Christopher Nolan's Interstellar, The Martian does not rely on the audience's understanding of basic astrophysics and space-time.  Instead, this movie uses its scientific elements as a catalyst for the action without overloading the viewer with information.

The Martian portrays a team of scientists who have traveled to Mars to collect data for research.   After a disastrous storm, the team assumes that one of their men, a botanist named Mark Watney (played by Matt Damon), must have been killed, forcing them to leave his body behind so the rest of the team can return to Earth and complete the mission.  However, Watney survived the storm, leaving him stranded with only the supplies brought to Mars by previous missions and no means of return to Earth.  To stay alive, Watney must use his botanist skills and other scientific knowledge to survive long enough to be rescued.

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The movie successfully appeases both our geeky side and the side that craves adventure, as we watch Watney's struggle to survive and his team's attempts to make a heroic rescue while the rest of Earth watches anxiously.  In his battle against the harsh Martian climate, Watney records daily journals to send to NASA, in which he incorporate humor and optimism that keep the film fun to watch, rather than purely a man-vs-nature story.

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As the audience, we do not get bored of watching Watney's character meander around his shelter while he comes up with a plan, as the movie gives us a break from Watney to explore both the happenings aboard the spacecraft carrying the rest of Watney's team and those at NASA monitoring Watney.  This look into how the most important people of a highly regarded government agency handle such a tough situation also provides comic relief to the viewer, despite the severity of the consequences that could result from a wrong call.

The seriousness demanded by the action of the movie alongside the comic relief offered by a variety of characters make The Martian enjoyable to watch because we do not get tired out by the events. Likewise, the many fields of science exploited throughout the movie serve to not only keep us engaged as they hold the plot together, but also to inspire by commanding respect after seeing how useful and crucial knowledge can be.

What Is So Captivating About Unrequited Love?

Do you believe in soulmates?  Is there such a thing as true love?  Is there such a thing as fate?  Do you believe in love at first sight?  

Whether we want to admit it or not, we have probably all either been asked or at least thought about these questions.  Our opinions about an idea as complex as love have likely adapted as we have experienced more of the world, and will continue to change as we get older.  With Valentine's Day only a few days away, these complicated questions seem to be haunting us at every corner.  So what better way to try and answer them than with a movie, in which we can experience another person's relationship without any of the heartbreak that is potentially to follow. 

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Marc Webb's 2009 film (500) Days of Summer tackles many of these questions in classic romantic comedy fashion, with the twist of a non-chronological sequence of events.  The movie takes the classic "boy meets girl" story and writes it so the audience gets to see attitudes about love that cover the spectrum from cynical to overly optimistic.  The movie tells the story of Tom, played by Joseph Gordon-Levitt, and Summer, played by Zooey Deschanel.  In a sentence, the hour and a half long film could be summarized by saying that Tom falls for the beautiful and enigmatic Summer, who fails to love Tom back.  Of course, this would be a horrible generalization, as the importance of the movie lies not in who ends up with whom, but how the characters deal with their feelings.

Tom's character, who writes slogans for greeting cards, falls head-over-heels for a girl he believes to be out of his league.  And she is.  But not for some ethereal beauty, or overwhelming popularity, but because Summer seems to be playing a different game.  While his infatuation leads to wanting a long term relationship, Summer seeks out a causal fling.  The two are unable to agree what love really is and how to appease it, causing them to argue often.  

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After many fights over the definition of their relationship and what the future holds, the couple eventually grow apart, leading the characters in opposite directions.  Tom goes spiraling into depression, while Summer is more than happy to be on her own.  However, as time progresses, it seems that both Summer and Tom were somewhat wrong about their individual approach to love, allowing them to validate the other's actions.  

When the two reunite down the road, they are able to see that their actions obviously had a greater impact on the other's perception of the world than they could have imagined.  The movie forces us to realize that regardless the outcome, relationships have a way of changing our minds because we must learn from other people to make them successful.  Tom is able to become less naive, while Summer is able to be more open with her heart.  This movie makes for the perfect Valentine's Day story because it leaves us on a happy note, even if it is not necessarily the ending we wanted.  It also incorporates humor, a cute story, and an incredible soundtrack, making it the perfect movie for any time of the year.  

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Rules Are Made to be Broken

A common theme throughout this blog is the importance of a good plot.  Good plots keep us engaged by giving us enough information to know what is going on, but constantly keeping us asking questions, making inferences, and paying close attention to see if we were right.  The best plots are the ones that blow our minds when we reach the end of the movie.

David Fincher's 1999 film Fight Club is one of those movies that has you questioning the events throughout the duration of the movie, but when we reach the end, leaves us amazed at how seamlessly all of the events came together.  Fight Club is one of the most frequently quoted movies of the 90s—think about it... even if you have not seen this movie, you still probably know the first rule of fight club—but the reason these lines became so iconic in the first place is because of their context.

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The film portrays a man (played by Edward Norton) who narrates the mundane events of his life as a product recall specialist.  Right off the bat, we see that there is something off about this character, as his insomnia and inability to cope with his frustration regarding consumerism lead to his attendance of a multitude of support groups for diseases he does not have.

One day while on a flight for business, the narrator encounters a man called Tyler Durden (played by Brad Pitt) with whom he is immediately intrigued by.  Meeting up after the flight, Tyler and the narrator engage in a strange conversation in which Tyler demands the narrator hit him as hard as he can, eventually leading to the two getting into a fight.  However, the experience is more about the satisfaction of hitting someone than the pain of being hit back, so the pair begin a fighting group for men to alleviate some of their stress.  This eventually grows into Fight Club, a selective, underground group led by Tyler and motivated by his avant garde theories on life.

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As his participation in Fight Club allows the narrator to break out of the monotony, we as the viewers begin to notice strange similarities between the narrator and Tyler, until finally the action brings us back to where the movie began and we remember that we have been watching a flashback. Everything makes sense at this point, but it does not happen until the final scene of the movie.

So why wait so long to tie everything together?

The beauty of a bookended plot is that it forces us to go back in our minds and recall details from the beginning of the film that seemed negligible at first, but now make sense as to why the director decided to include them.  In Fight Club, these details include things like the narrator's insomnia and the coincidences which brought the narrator and Tyler together.  When the final scene brings all these details together, the audience is able to have the same epiphany that the narrator has without having been in the loop already.  The careful crafting in the plot and the thought-provoking statements often rattled off by Tyler make this film a cult classic that will not get old no matter how many times you have seen it.

Saving the War Story

Recently in my Theatre 100 class, our professor posed the question "What is a story?"  His thought, short and to the point, was that stories are simply what happens in the story.  Movies also allow us to answer this question as we observe the characters and interpret their stories.  There are funny stories, love stories, scary stories, etc., but one genre people tend to forget about are the war stories.  In the Vietnam War novel The Things They Carried author Tim O'Brien writes: 

“A true war story is never moral. It does not instruct, nor encourage virtue, nor suggest models of proper human behavior, nor restrain men from doing the things men have always done. If a story seems moral, do not believe it. If at the end of a war story you feel uplifted, or if you feel that some small bit of rectitude has been salvaged from the larger waste, then you have been made the victim of a very old and terrible lie. There is no rectitude whatsoever. There is no virtue. As a first rule of thumb, therefore, you can tell a true war story by its absolute and uncompromising allegiance to obscenity and evil. "

That is not to say that all aspects of a war story are obscene or evil, just that they are a crucial part of the whole.  While there have been plenty of movies that incorporate a plot about war, Steven Spielberg's 1998 film Saving Private Ryan wholeheartedly encompasses the essence of the war story.

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Saving Private Ryan features Army Captain John Miller (played by Tom Hanks) as he leads his men through WWII, following the storming of the beaches at Normandy.  Miller and his squad are given the mission of finding a young man called Private Ryan (played by Matt Damon) so he can be sent home in order to ease the heartache of Ryan's mother, whose three eldest sons have already perished in the war.  

As Miller and his men traipse across France in search of Ryan, the movie analyzes both the physical obstacles and emotional challenges they face.  Throughout their journey, the men must fight their way through enemy territory, leading unsurprisingly to casualties among the squad.  The more obstacles they endure, the more the team begins to question the validity of their mission; what is the point of risking a group of people to bring one guy back?  Miller attempts to qualm these fears, but internally feels the toll of war as well.  Predictably, the men become bitter with their task, demonstrating the demoralizing nature of war.  This is particularly evident in a scene in which the men are instructed to search a pile of dog tags in case Ryan may already be dead.  Rifling through the tags, the men forget the fact that the friends of the soldiers whom the tags belong are watching strangers turn their friends' deaths into a rowdy poker match, trading for tags and yelling "Full House."

The war itself seems to almost play its own character, as it is exploited through Miller's journey.  The idea that a true war story does not serve the purpose of being uplifting is evident throughout this film, as we see our characters doubt themselves and question whether the sacrifices they are making are truly worth it.  We see the transformation war has on all characters, as even the captain feels himself growing farther from his identity with every growing minute spent overseas.  Spielberg, who won the Academy Award for Best Director for this film, was able to successfully portray these transformations by not sugarcoating the war.  He tells us what we already know, but do not necessarily want to be reminded of:  war is violent, everyone cannot make it home alive, and even the most level headed men can lose their grip. 

Saving Private Ryan marries these elements of violence and loss with those of brotherhood and love to create a solid war story.  The film is able to leave you feeling satisfied with the ending, but torn with a greater understanding of the cost of war. 

If this has not convinced you that this movie can be enjoyed over and over, I think it is relevant to note that it also won four other Academy Awards in technical categories, implying that both the plot and the hard footage were well crafted.  

Get Busy Watching

You never know where you are going to meet someone that will eventually turn into a good friend.  It could be in class, or at a club, or just by a random conversation one day, but the point is friends come to us often when we are not expecting it.  Sometimes we are even more surprised by the actual person, as we get to know them and realize how wrong our initial judgements may have been.  Frank Darabont's 1994 film The Shawshank Redemption (based on the novel by Stephen King) proves this, as fellow inmates of Shawshank Prison become close friends despite an unusual set of circumstances.

The Shawshank Redemption tells the story of two men, "Red" Redding (played by Morgan Freeman) and Andy Dufresne (played by Tim Robbins), who are both prisoners inside Shawshank Prison, convicted of murder.  While Red jokingly claims that he himself may be "the only guilty man in Shawshank," Andy was actually wrongfully convicted, forcing him to a lifetime sentence for no reason.

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Andy, an educated man who was a banker before his conviction, knows he does not belong in Shawshank, making him withdrawn from his fellow inmates.  His isolation from the rest of the prison community and status as a new inmate makes him a target that spends his first few years enduring brutal beatings and harassment.  However, from his very first night in Shawshank, Red had taken an interest in Andy the moment he proved himself mentally stronger than anyone initially thought by not being the first to break down.

The pair have their first real interaction when Andy approaches Red with a request for a small hammer, as Red is known as the man that can get things.  The series of requests that follow spark Red's interest, and he slowly begins to get to know Andy, who in return begins to become more outgoing around Red and the other inmates.  As Andy gains more attention, he is given the opportunity to put his education and financial experience to use, teaching the other inmates, doing the guards taxes, and eventually getting involved in a money laundering scheme for the warden.  All of this occurs slowly over the course of several years, as time in prison moves pretty slow when you know you will be there for the rest of your life.

*SPOILER ALERT* One day after about two decades in Shawshank, Andy is nowhere to be found.  It is discovered that he has become the first person to escape Shawshank, conveniently around the time Red's parole is soon to be up.  By this point, Red is undoubtably Andy's best friend and the reason he does not succumb to the anxiety created by being an innocent man imprisoned.  Red is finally able to successfully get out on parole and is left with the mystery of where Andy could be. Unlike many films, the movie provides the viewer with closure, ending on a hopeful note as the final frame concludes with Andy and Red hugging each other on a beach in Mexico, having both finally made it to freedom.

While this film vividly portrays the brutality and misery that come with prison life, it also succeeds in highlighting the importance of good friends and remaining hopeful in tough situations.  Although Andy knows he is an innocent man, he struggles to feel purposeful.  However, with Red's support, Andy begins to show his personality through a variety of schemes that spice up the monotony of prison life, providing the viewer with a balanced amount of both intensity and lightheartedness. Despite this monotony that comes with years of living the same routine day after day, the film itself is anything but boring.  In addition to the plot, the film also teases out the juxtaposition between the institutionalizing of the inmates and the hope that they must hold onto in order to avoid losing themselves.  It is these moments that truly allow the viewer to recognize the mental and emotional toil caused by being locked up, as seen through the heartbreaking suicide of the prison's beloved librarian, Brooks, who is unable to adjust to life on the outside after spending fifty years in Shawshank.

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Andy and Red prove that the only way to avoid such a fate is through reliance on friends in order to maintain hope and stay true to oneself.  Or as is commonly quoted throughout the movie, "get busy living, or get busy dying."  It is perhaps for these reasons that Shawshank is the highest rated movie on IMDb, making it seemingly one of the most popular films of all time.

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